The Hayward Fault is thought capable of generating a magnitude 7.5 quake. In order to better understand mechanisms of active faults, we studied relationships between fault behavior and rock units along the Hayward fault using a three-dimensional geologic map. You’ll see things marked in the area just south of the zoo, a length of the fault labeled “G1, sl” and a dotted oval marked “G1, df.” G1 means a geomorphic feature (a landform) of “strongly pronounced” character, the most clear-cut kind of evidence. It suggests that either the fault is creeping there, or there has been recent seismic slip.” In fact, according to Watt et al., even the most recent prehistoric earthquakes along the Rodgers Creek fault and Hayward faults, which struck sometime between 1715 and 1776, could have been a single combined event given dating uncertainties. Technically speaking, the Hayward is a right-lateral strike-slip fault. How does the COVID-19 vaccine get to a hospital near you? If a building was unlucky enough to have been built on the fault, the fault will gradually warp and tear it apart. Two factors combine to make the Hayward Fault very dangerous. Strike-Slip Faults. The Hayward Fault has ruptured about every 140 years for its previous five large earthquakes. Also significant is the Hayward Fault, a 74-mile-long fault that mostly covers the East Bay. Between the San Andreas Fault and the Calaveras Fault lies the Hayward Fault, which diverges from the Calaveras Fault east of San Jose, California. What if...A 7.0 earthquake hit the San Francisco Bay Area? ... the site’s distance from the fault, and the type of geologic material at the site. Think: Have any Mw 9 quakes occurred on any other type of plate boundary? The Hayward fault is not our only fault. The Hayward Fault is a Strike-slip Fault. This movement causes stress, which results in earthquakes. Nearly all transform faults are in the deep sea, but the major ones on land are noteworthy and dangerous, such as … However, many scientists believe that the Hayward Fault is connected to the Calaveras Fault to the south, the Rodgers Creek Fault to the north and to the Maacama Fault still farther north. October 21, 2008, marks the 140th Anniversary of the 1868 approximate Magnitude 7 … The Hayward fault is considered a branch within the San Andreas Fault system (fig 1). High disruption of structures, roads, and utilities. All Rights Reserved. The first is its location in the urban heart of the Bay Area. High disruption of structures, roads, and utilities. Faults consist of two rock blocks that displace each other during an earthquake or regular tectonic movement. Click for more detail. The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. The Hayward fault, for instance, moves at a rate of about 0.2 in. To share this video via email, copy and paste the message and URL below into your favorite email client and send. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. ... What type of plate boundary is closest to it? ABC7 Originals Documentary: 'The Earthquake Effect', The Earthquake Effect: Scientists call Bay Area 'Tectonic Time Bomb', The Earthquake Effect: The fall and rise of the Bay Bridge after Loma Prieta, CA has refrigerators, body bags on standby, Newsom says, Bay Area's 1st doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in SF, Here's where COVID-19 vaccines stand in US, abroad, Building a Better Bay Area: Vaccine Watch, Bay Area ICU capacity: How close we are to the 15% threshold, Over-the-counter home COVID-19 test gets FDA authorization, 2 earthquakes rattle Bay Area Tuesday morning, FDA posts positive analysis of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine, Biden to pick Buttigieg as transportation chief: Sources. A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. It splays to the east and trends between N. 20° and 35°W along some 119 km. The USGS map of the fault trace shows the specific features of the fault here. The most dangerous fault in the Bay Area is, as of now, due to fail at any time. Picture via USGS. It is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, meaning that motion along it is mainly horizontal, so that objects on the opposite side of the fault from the viewer will move to … COVID-19 holiday risk: The safest and most dangerous activities, Bay Area Life; Sundays at 6:30 p.m. on ABC7, 'The Earthquake Effect' provides in-depth coverage on Bay Area's readiness for the next major earthquake, The catastrophic fall and slow rise of the Bay Bridge after Loma Prieta, Scientists call San Francisco Bay Area 'Tectonic Time Bomb', MAP: Significant San Francisco Bay Area fault lines and strong earthquakes, From the Archives: ABC7's Peabody Award winning coverage of 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, What to pack in your earthquake emergency kit, Prepare NorCal: Disaster Preparedness Resources, Pet preparedness: How to keep your furry babies safe during a disaster or emergency, Most powerful earthquakes in California history above 7.0 magnitude, Earthquake scale: How they are measured and what the magnitude and intensity scales mean, What is an earthquake? That is, the slip … The last major earthquake on the Hayward Fault, with magnitude 6.5-7.0, occurred on October 21, 1868. Faults may range in length from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. What is likely to be the effect on the East Bay when it ruptures? It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. A section of sidewalk in Hayward that showed the movement of the Hayward Fault was 'fixed' by the city, much to the dismay of geologists. The Hayward Fault has a strike-slip motion which is when one land mass moves, nearly horizontally in the opposite direction of the other on the surface. Damage in San Francisco from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The net effects of these are often more severe and more widespread than the damage directly caused by the shaking itself, and they complicate emergency response and clean-up.Faults, however, can also cause damage in much less noticeable and long term way through creep. This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. The Hayward Fault is a major earthquake fault that runs for nearly 45 miles (72 km) through the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay region. Most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic To the east lies the Clayton-Marsh Creek-Greenville Fault. In 1996, an 18-millimeter creep event, the largest ever observed on the Hayward fault, occurred between surveys 63 days apart. Think: Have any Mw 9 quakes occurred on any other type of plate boundary? The Hayward fault is a transform or strike-slip fault that moves sideways, rather than the more common faults that move up on one side and down on the other. Strike-slip faults have walls that move sideways, not up or down. A new report from the USGS says the biggest danger may be the Hayward Fault, because 2 million people live directly on top of it, including the cities of Oakland and Berkeley. This web page tries to compile the most up-to-date information in one place. This event marked the end of a period of severely reduced creep on the southern part of the fault that began after the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake. The Hayward Fault splinters from the Calaveras Fault, which itself is an offshoot of the It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. Locate the Hayward fault. This means that it shows its everyday action in the form of aseismic creep, the slow, steady sliding of land along the fault’s margin. This creates an uplift of the East Bay hills in the Fremont area exposing the rocks of the Briones Formation, which is a fossilerous rock made of marine shells. The northern segment of the Hayward Fault stretches between San Pablo Bay and southern Oakland, and if that segment alone should break, then … This is what happens when the ground starts to shake. But at its northern end, at Point Pinole Regional Shoreline, the fault can be walked and traced across open land with trees and grass. Earthquake country just got a little scarier. The Hayward Fault is the single most urbanized earthquake fault in the United States—in 1868 there were only 24,000 residents living in Alameda County; now there are more than 2.4 million people. The San Andreas Fault system forms the boundary between the North American and the Pacific tectonic plates. It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. Understanding the parts of a fault can help you identify what type of fault you’re seeing. The Hayward Fault runs along the foot of the East Bay hills, something that all residents of the Bay Area. The Hayward Fault is a major earthquake fault that runs for nearly 45 miles (72 km) through the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay region. Parts of a Fault. convergent. The most obvious hazard is that of large earthquakes, which induce ground shaking over a large area that can cause heavy objects to fall and windows to shatter, and can cause structural damage to buildings and bridges. According to experts, this fault causes a major earthquake, on average, approximately every 140 years. Locate the Hayward fault. The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes. With the last strong earthquake in 1868 and more than a dozen pipelines already It is among the most active faults and seismologists warn it will likely be the source of the next "big one" in San Francisco-Bay Area. What is likely to be the effect on the East Bay when it ruptures? It is located within its central section, between the latitudes of San Jose and Bakersfield. The Hayward Fault and the 1868 Earthquake. It is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, meaning that motion along it is mainly horizontal, so that objects on the opposite side of the fault from the viewer will move to … Strong shaking and fault rupture can also lead to many other problems, including landsliding, liquefaction, fires, disrupted transportation routes, broken water and gas pipes, downed electrical and phone lines, and many other dangerous conditions. One block is called the hanging wall, and the other is the footwall. The Hayward Fault Zone derived its name from the city of Hayward in the San Francisco Bay Area. Major active faults such as the Hayward Fault are associated with many hazards. NCGS Commemorates the 1906 Great Earthquake by Walking…the Hayward Fault! convergent. It is among the most active faults and seismologists warn it will likely be the source of the next "big one" in San Francisco-Bay Area. Soft, water saturated sands and sediments amplify shaking even at great distances from an earthquake, while bedrock shakes to a much lesser extent. An example of a dip-slip or transform fault is the San Andreas fault in California. According to a new study, the Hayward fault line that runs under Oakland, California is believed to be more dangerous than the infamous San Andreas fault line that spans Southern California.. Copyright © 2020 UC Regents; all rights reserved, Explore the science behind a simulation of a magnitude 7 earthquake on the East Bay's Hayward Fault and learn what it could mean for shaking potential in your area. Copyright © 2020 KGO-TV. The largest earthquakes recorded on the San Andreas fault include the 1906 San Francisco earthquake (approximately magnitude 7.8) and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake … These four fault structures are some of the major faults in California at the latitude of San Francisco. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Posted April 19, 2018, under Blog. ... What type of plate boundary is closest to it? The Hayward fault threatens a lot of people and structures as it runs straight through the East Bay. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. 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