On Oct. 4, 1957, the Soviet Union stunned the world with its surprise launch of Sputnik 1. On Oct. 4, 1957, Sputnik 1 successfully launched and entered Earth's orbit. Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite launched, was a 83.6-kg (184-pound) capsule. Sputnik 2's purpose was to prove the conditions in outer space were safe enough for human to go on a space mission. The word 'Sputnik' originally meant 'fellow traveler,' but has become synonymous with 'satellite.' See how the historic satellite launch worked in this SPACE.com infographic. Sputnik, any of a series of three artificial Earth satellites, the first of whose launch by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, inaugurated the space age. Thus, began the space age. The successful launch shocked the world, giving the former Soviet Union the distinction of putting the first human-made object into space.
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